Myths
and Misconceptions about Healthcare and Health Insurance
By Michael
Lamb
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November/December 2007
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the modern world international travel is an ever more common occurrence
and individuals are moving from country to country around the globe, for
a myriad of reasons, in increasing numbers every day. With this new found
global mobility come increased concerns over personal safety and health,
with more and more international travelers and expats questioning the effectiveness
of their health insurance and healthcare schemes ability to adequately
protect them and their loved ones while overseas. However, when it
comes to health insurance there are many myths and half truths that people
tend to take as fact, and this can leave individuals in a worse position
than if they had no protection at all.
One of the
biggest misconceptions that many people have in regards to health insurance
pertains to the need for a policy. Many individuals believe that
despite not having a health insurance policy or plan that they will be
able to obtain the healthcare services that they need and will be able
to avoid any serious health conditions. In reality, because of this lack
of insurance, people who do not hold a health insurance plan are more likely
to forgo vital healthcare treatments, often with serious consequences,
including death. This issue is further exacerbated when dealing with individuals
who live overseas or who have to deal with a healthcare system with which
they are unfamiliar.
With regards to this misconception that
people will be able to receive the treatment that they need without insurance
is the common misunderstanding that a health insurance plan, any health
insurance plan, will provide coverage for the policyholder no matter where
they may be in the world; this is simply not true. Many people who
are traveling outside of their home country will have had a local (or national)
health insurance plan in place before their departure, and these individuals
believe, falsely, that they are entitled to the same levels of protection
with a local plan overseas as they would receive at home. In many
cases local (or national) health insurance will stop working as soon as
the policyholder leaves the country where the policy is based. There
are a limited number of exceptions to this and a plan may provide a fixed
limit benefit for the policyholder while they are overseas (it will provide
coverage for a specific time frame or financial limit), however these types
of local health insurance plans are rare and they will not cover the policyholder
while they are outside of their home country for an extended period of
time. |
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International health insurance plans
will generally cover the policyholder on a world wide basis; however there
are some exceptions to this. Generally an international health insurance
plan will offer the policyholder two options in regards to their area of
coverage; worldwide, or worldwide excluding the USA. The main reason
for this is the fact that medical costs in the USA are the highest in the
world, and if a plan includes coverage in this area then the premium will
more likely be higher than a plan that does not include coverage in America;
generally though, plans that provide coverage on a worldwide excluding
the USA basis will offer a fairly high amount of coverage for out of area
emergency treatment (more than the coverage associated with a local health
insurance plan). So while it may seem like you are excluded from
treatment in the USA, this exclusion normally pertains to voluntary treatment
rather than emergency healthcare.
Aside from the confusion that surrounds
health insurance and the geographic coverage area offered by a plan come
a plethora of other issues that many people are not all that familiar with.
Tragically many individuals remain in the dark as to exactly what their
health insurance plans will offer them, and even more concerning is the
fact that many expatriates do not concern themselves with the state of
the healthcare system in the countries that they have relocated to.
This leaves many foreign nationals in the dark as to what services they
are entitled to receive and, in many cases, how to receive the treatment
that they need.
There is a large amount of naiveté
displayed by expatriates relocating overseas when it comes to healthcare.
Many expatriates come from highly developed western nations and are looking
to lead a different life. While this offers them new opportunities
and life styles a large majority of foreign nationals overseas arrive in
their destination expecting that, should anything go wrong, they will be
able to receive the same high quality medical care and treatment abroad
as they would in their home country. This is not the case.
The quality of healthcare services
will dramatically change from country to country, a fact that remains surprisingly
unknown to many expatriates around the world. In certain countries general
healthcare facilities will not be able to provide any options other than
immediate emergency care, while some nations will be able to offer comprehensive
treatment, but at a much higher cost. It is vital that any individual
considering a permanent move overseas understand the healthcare situation
and system in their destination. Treatment options can range from
the limited to the extraordinary, but it is important to understand that
the standard of healthcare in your destination will not be the same as
in your home country.
Getting to know the healthcare system
in the country that you are moving to is a vital part in any international
relocation. Apart from simply giving you a comprehensive understanding
of your treatment options this can also allow you to fully explore all
the options that you have in regards to health insurance in the region.
Another common issue for expatriates who have recently relocated to a new
country is with regards to coverage of a pre-existing condition, with many
individuals believing that, due to the fact that they have a pre-existing
medical condition, they are ineligible to receive health insurance coverage
at all. In fact this is not the case at all.
Typically there are four options
available to individuals who are suffering from a pre-existing condition
who wish to obtain healthcare coverage. These options are; Exclusion,
Moratorium, Premium loading, or Medical history disregarded. If the
condition is excluded from coverage then the policyholder will not be able
to claim for any treatment of that condition or any associated medical
treatments necessitated from that condition, they will still be able, however,
to receive coverage for any other illnesses or injuries that occur during
the course of the policy. In the event of a moratorium there will usually
be a waiting period of 2 years after the commencement of the policy before
the condition can be reconsidered for coverage. Another alternative
may be the increase of the annual premium to cover the costs associated
with treatment of the condition, however this may not be applicable to
most medical conditions, and will typically be included in a policy on
a case by case basis. Medical History Disregarded is the best way
with which to deal with a pre-existing condition, however this benefit
will normally be offered only to groups with 20 or more members; in this
case all pre-existing conditions for all members of the group will be covered.
Understanding what terms and conditions
are applicable to your expatriate health insurance policy is extremely
important, as is fully understanding the benefits that you are receiving.
In terms of coverage benefits it is possible to obtain health insurance
policies that will provide cover for a whole range of medical treatments,
and many individuals purchasing these plans do so only to ensure their
safety. However, depending on where you may be geographically located
not all of these benefits will be suitable; it is, for example, obtaining
a plan with a full dental benefit may be a good idea in Europe or the USA,
but foreign nationals who are relocating to South East Asia may never use
the coverage as dental treatment in countries such as Thailand, Vietnam,
and Singapore is relatively inexpensive. The same follows for international
citizens moving to the USA, if your plan covers you in the states then
an emergency evacuation benefit may not be entirely feasible and just contribute
to an increased premium.
The general misconceptions and myths
pertaining to healthcare and health insurance around the world generally
come from a lack of understanding. While it can be difficult to obtain
the information that you need before leaving for your destination there
are always options. By utilizing resources such as the United Kingdom’s
Foreign and Commonwealth Office, the Center for Disease Control’s online
database, or accessing the WHO’s website can allow you to realistically
assess the health situation in any given country before you arrive. In
addition to the plethora of websites and online tools at your disposal
is the entire international insurance industry. Simply by talking to different
insurance companies or a reputable broker can help you understand the intricacies
of a health insurance plan and the international healthcare system as a
whole. If for some reason you are confused about healthcare or health insurance
in a specific country take some time to think about the situation, and
if you are still in doubt, call a professional.
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