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ASSET
PROTECTION STRATEGIES - Ironclad, Non-Controversial Asset Protection on
the Cheap
By Marc
Sola
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.March
2006
| Once
you’ve accumulated a significant amount of wealth, what’s the best way
to protect it? There are many options—ranging from an offshore account
which offers privacy and a limited degree of asset protection, to an offshore
trust which offers extremely strong asset protection, but requires that
give up full control over your assets.
In Switzerland
and Liechtenstein, we have a different approach to asset protection: we
use insurance policies for this purpose. Foreign investors are specifically
protected.
When you purchase
a properly set-up life insurance or annuity policy from a Swiss or Liechtenstein
insurer, your creditors can’t seize it—even if you declare, or are forced,
into bankruptcy. Your privacy is also protected because like banks in these
countries, insurance companies are forbidden to disclose any information
on the policies they issue to investigators without a court order or other
legal process.
Policies are
available to foreign investors for an initial investment as small as US$50,000.
And that money goes to work for you, immediately—unlike trusts, there are
no big set-up costs required.
Another advantage
of using an insurance policy for asset protection is that it’s relatively
uncontroversial. In all countries, the purchase of an insurance policy
is an ordinary and common transaction. Moreover, most countries don’t tax
the growth of value inside insurance policies until it’s actually realized.
It may also be possible for the policy and/or death benefit to be passed
down to the policy owner’s beneficiaries, tax-free.
Insurance is
also amazingly adaptable. In Switzerland and Liechtenstein, for instance,
life insurance and annuity policies can also be used as holding structures
to protect the value of an underlying investment portfolio. Fixed and variable
annuities are available, along with variable universal life policies and
various hybrid forms. Individually tailored policies set up to deal with
your own special circumstances begin around US$250,000.
In some cases,
a Swiss or Liechtenstein insurance policy can be used to replace a trust.
In other situations, it can be used to complement a trust and to strengthen
its protection. For example, assigning investments to an offshore trust
is much cheaper and easier if they are grouped together under one policy.
This may also simplify the tax treatment of the structure, and consequently,
the reporting requirements, either through a reduction in the number of
assets to be listed, or by fulfilling the conditions for tax deferral.
Assets held
within a policy are considered as being owned by the insurance company.
This allows individual investors and trusts to hold assets privately, without
being subject to the IRS “qualified intermediary” regulations. These rules
impose withholding tax rates up to 35% on assets held through foreign accounts
if the offshore bank does not fully comply with U.S. recordkeeping requirements,
or fully disclose the identity of U.S. investors to the IRS. |
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The
Sovereign Society, headquartered in Waterford, Ireland, was founded in
1998 to provide proven legal strategies for individuals to protect their
wealth and privacy, lower their taxes and to help improve their personal
freedom and liberty. |
The
Society's highly qualified contacts recommend only carefully chosen banks
and investment advisors as well as financial and legal professionals located
in select tax and asset haven jurisdictions around the world. The Society
provides advice concerning the establishement and operation of offshore
bank accounts, asset protection trusts, international business corporations
(IBCs), private foundations, second citizenships and foreign residency,
as well as practical safeguards for financial, Internet and personal privacy. |
The
Sovereign Society stands alone in fulfilling this singular, international
offshore service role for its members. To learn more about our organization
and how you too can become a member, please click
here. |
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Rock-Solid
Asset Protection
While Switzerland
is much better known for its insurance services, Liechtenstein has had
similar insurance laws for 150 years. But in 1996, Liechtenstein signed
an agreement making it part of the European Economic Area (EEA), which
gave it much better access to European investors and markets. (The EEA
is not the same as the EU, and Liechtenstein is not subject to EU law,
including EU tax directives.)
Liechtenstein
began enacting innovative laws and regulations in order to more effectively
compete in the European market. It fully adapted Swiss insurance laws,
and, in some cases, enhanced them. Today, many Swiss insurers service the
international market exclusively from their Liechtenstein subsidiary.
Asset protection
with a Swiss or Liechtenstein insurance policy is tied to the choice of
beneficiaries and whether the assignment of beneficiaries is irrevocable
or revocable. When a foreign investor (the “policy owner”) purchases a
Swiss or Liechtenstein insurance policy and irrevocably names a beneficiary
(other than the owner), the policy cannot be included in the owner’s bankruptcy
estate, since it is no longer considered the owner’s asset.
If the owner
designates a spouse and/or descendants as revocable beneficiaries, the
policy is protected against any debt collection procedures instituted by
the policy owner’s creditors. If a foreign court orders the seizure of
the policy or its inclusion in a bankruptcy estate, the order is not legally
binding in Liechtenstein or Switzerland. Debt collection and bankruptcy
procedures in Switzerland and Liechtenstein are always based on Swiss or
Liechtenstein bankruptcy rules alone, without regard to foreign law.
In Liechtenstein,
this protection extends to the unmarried life partner of the policy owner—a
rare offshore benefit for same-sex couples.
In the event
of the policy owner’s bankruptcy, ownership of the policy is, by law, transferred
to the revocable beneficiaries automatically, provided the beneficiaries
are the spouse and/or descendents. Hence, the policy will be fully protected
and cannot be included in the bankruptcy estate. Only the beneficiaries,
the new owners, can give instructions to the insurance company.
There’s even
protection against duress; e.g., if you’re forced by a court to revoke
a beneficiary designation. If a Swiss or Liechtenstein insurance company
receives a letter from the policy owner revoking the beneficiary designation
to comply with the order of a foreign court, the company may come to the
conclusion that the instructions do not express the owner’s true intent,
since they were coerced by legal process.
In this situation,
the insurance company, under the anti-duress provisions of Swiss or Liechtenstein
law, cannot follow the owner’s instructions. In order to avoid such situations,
it’s possible to introduce a third party arbiter to the policy who must
agree to all changes of the policy.
Beware Fraudulent
Conveyance: Plan Early
Correctly
structured, a Swiss or Liechtenstein insurance policy simply can’t be seized,
however, you need to be aware of the Swiss or Liechtenstein fraudulent
conveyance law. If no debt collection proceedings are initiated against
you within one year of naming a beneficiary, the policy will be fully protected.
Simply put, if you’re solvent when you purchase a Swiss or Liechtenstein
insurance policy or when you name beneficiaries, you’re safe.
As with any
asset protection plan, it’s important to purchase a Swiss and Liechtenstein
insurance policy before problems arise that could potentially lead to a
claim against your assets. When you do, you can sleep soundly knowing that
your assets are protected by some of the strongest laws in the world.
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| Marc Sola
is a member of The Sovereign Society Council of Experts and a Managing
Partner of NMG International Financial Services, Ltd., a subsidiary of
the worldwide NMG Group, incorporated in Singapore. The former CEO of an
international and U.S.-registered investment advisory firm, Marc received
his law degree at the University of Zurich. An expert on the insurance
laws of Switzerland and Liechtenstein, Marc has written and lectured widely
on the insurance industries in these countries. Contact: Marc-André
Sola, NMG International Financial Services, Ltd., Goethestrasse 2, 8001
Zürich, Switzerland. Tel.: +(41) 1-266-2141; Fax: +(41) 1-266-2149;
E-mail: marcsola@nmg-ifs.com;
Link: www.nmg-ifs.com. |
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