| Traditions
Alive In Modern Eastern Tibet |
| Celebrating
The Tibetan New Year |
| By Satina Anziano |
| Preparations
are in full swing for lhosar, the Tibetan New Year. The teens will gather
at 9 a.m. today to practice the dances and songs for the festival.
When I rouse
myself to look at my watch, I see it is already quarter past eight.
My host, Urgyen, is at puja1 with the monks, so I will be alone for breakfast.
I ease myself out of the warm bed into the frigid air. My mountaineer watch
records a room temp of 43°F. I use the chamber pot one last time. I
fish under the blankets for my socks, then jump into the rest of
my clothes layered over the ever-present long johns. Once again under the
blankets for the hot water bottle. I dump the still-warm water into a washbasin
for the morning face wash. |
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| When I
move to the large living room I see Lhamo Tashi has already been here.
She
has built up the coal fire in the table brazier, and set a pot of hot buttered
tea on it. I quickly mix up some tsamba2 and eat, before heading out. To
reach the home where the teens are practicing, I walk across the monastery
grounds, behind the large temple, passing in front of the hall where the
young monks are already engaged in debating class. I pass a few yaks nibbling
on scraps, before reaching a line of ten stupas, which I pass on the left.
They are white, about five feet at the base, reaching ten feet high. A
few feet beyond I reach the monastery wall. There is a gap in the mud wall
large enough for passing through to the small cluster of houses beyond.
I clamber over the stiles.
Walking
about 200 yards, after twists and turns through the wall-lined dirt
pathways I arrive at the designated red doorway that is built into a mud-covered
whitewashed stone wall. There is a wooden knob about the size and shape
of a Campbell's soup can, made of wood. I twist it, and the wooden latch
behind the door swings up; the door opens. I walk pass the sturdy horse
stalls that are built against the wall, into the sunlit 20-foot wide dirt
yard. I see four huddled groups spread out across the yard. I look up and
notice an older woman pausing in her chores to glance down from the second
story courtyard of the large house. |
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| These teenagers
meet like this every day of my week-long stay at this monastery. There
are a couple of middle-aged village men taking time with each huddled group.
One man moves back and demonstrates a dance step. Another man sings a brief
passage. The young people are learning the traditional songs, and the dances
that go with them.
On the first
day of my visit, they were learning a call and response song. Girls
in one huddle, boys in the other, each were trying to read and sing out
their verses. A girl remained seated on a bench, using a stool as a desk,
copying out the two pages of Tibetan lyrics. As each set was completed,
someone came from the circle to snatch it up. They decide it's time to
try it out. They get in a circle, girls together, boys in their own half.
The dancers begin, tapping out the rhythm with their dance steps. The tall
girl, with a high voice clear and rippling as a mountain stream, leads
the girls in the first verse. |
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| The rhythmic
feet tap out a bar before the boys are to echo their response. Then
a second bar, and still no response. So the girls carry on, singing the
second verse and the third. They rest and study some more, and try again.
This time the boys pick up the echo, but the pitch is too high for the
boys. Only one has the range to respond in key, the other boys sing out
a cacophony. The girls don't take the hint, however, until a high lama
comes by to see how they are doing, and taking the lead girl aside, has
a word with her.
A young
woman, barely older than those practicing, comes through the gate with
a baby strapped on her back. She walks across the forty-foot long yard,
giving a smile and a word of encouragement as she skirts the edge of the
circle. She stops at the wall of dung patties, five feet deep and four
feet high, stacked against the house. She collects two or three on
her way inside the dark house, past the empty cattle stalls, up the narrow
wooden stairs into her second story home.
The teenagers
work throughout the day, resting at noon to take a communal meal of tsamba
upstairs. By the afternoon they have three dances roughed out. |
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| The words
come harder than the dance steps,
so that often the only singing comes from the feet slapping down on the
dirt yard, sending up tiny dust whirls. I am tempted to join them, these
dances are new to me and I want my feet to learn these charming and intricate
steps. But I am reluctant, not wanting to interrupt their focus.
Yesterday
morning I felt the need for a head wash. I couldn't imagine wetting
my hair in that frigid air and waiting for it to dry. In my younger traveling
days I did it as matter of course, but I am older now, forced to deal with
lesser energy. I got in my car and tried to start it, but the battery groaned
as it tried to turn over a frozen engine. Giving up, I bundled up and went
to the main gate. There a helmeted young monk was standing ready with a
motorcycle, a child monk was eyeing the saddle to take a ride to the nearby
town of Bamei. I helped him get up. |
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| Then I asked
the monk if I could also ride. He readily assented, and we moved the child
to the front, on the gas tank. I climbed up behind.
He was a thoughtful
young man. He crawled along the road, not wanting the cold wind to chill
his young charge (and perhaps his elder charge, as well). It took
us forever to arrive. By then my foot opposite the sun was numb.
I found
the one beauty salon in the town. I waited my turn for a wash. A woman
worked the styling seat with a blow drier. A man did the washing. In the
corner where there was a wash basin, a bucket brazier supported a big pot
of water. These bucket braziers look like concrete poured into a 5-gallon
bucket, each brazier has a hollowed out center, for the pressed coal pellets.
The man lifted the heavy pot and poured the hot water into a red plastic
bucket hanging high on the wall. A hose snaked from the bucket. Below was
a blue plastic sink with a hollow drain. When it was my turn, I sat on
a wooden stool and stretched my neck over the blue sink. He lathered and
rinsed me three times. He offered me a towel. I squeezed out the excess
water as he lifted the bucket from the floor below the hollowed sink drain
and carried it outside to the gutter.
When I got
back to the dancers, they were finishing up a generous meal prepared
by the hostess. The high lama was there, giving encouragement to the efforts
of these young people.
The afternoon
passed quickly. I was feeling drowsy, so I went back to Urgyen's house,
had some tsamba and took a short nap. When I awoke, Sonam Lhamo was there
with two young helpers. She was vigorously attacking the wooden floor with
a rag mop. I heard clunk clunk as she slapped down the mop. I puzzled it
out. There were ice chunks still in the mop after the last use.
Before she
left, speaking with me in Chinese, she asked me if I wouldn't mind teaching
the children an English class. Sure, I said. When, where, and how many.
The next day I went to the small schoolhouse on the monastery grounds and
met with the village children. Forty-five students crowded into the classroom,
ranging in age from six to thirteen. For a blackboard, I found that three
boards had been fastened together, painted black and put on a easel. I
erased the Tibetan that was written there, and wrote out numbers for some
drill.
After the 90
minute class Sonam Lhamo invited me back to her office. She offered me
a glass of hot water, which absolutely hit the spot. She and another teacher
handled all the classes. She teaches 23 hours a week. She teaches
Chinese, and the other teacher teaches Tibetan.
Today they
are practicing a different kind of dance. I see a worn drum hanging
from a wooden frame, with two thick sticks ending in wrapped white cloth.
They are acting out a legendary tale from Tibetan history. The drummer
beats out a rhythm, ba doop, ba doop, bada bada bada boop, while the dancers
act out traveling by foot and on horseback through the mountains and valleys.
Then the cymbals come in, clang clang clangclangclang swoosh, like the
sound of a coin dancing on its face and coming to rest. The dancers halt,
and one of them narrates a part of the tale, sometimes in dialogue with
another responding, all in song. During the break I see a student reading
a small paperback of this legend.
By now the
young people are more comfortable with me. My friend has told them
I would like to learn the dances, so while the circle is paused a girl
invites me to join them. I tell her in Chinese that I am not familiar with
this kind of dance. She looks at her friend, who says something in Tibetan,
which includes one of the Chinese words that I said. Except in Chinese
it means 'kind of', and in Tibetan it means 'study'. They are puzzled.
And I am intrigued, that they do not know the Chinese language!
Tired of
sitting, face glowing warmly in the winter sun brilliant in a deep blue
sky, I stand back against the wall. Across the yard I see horse's
ears and mane beyond the wall, in the neighbor's yard. A gust suddenly
lifts a coat from the wall behind me and plops it on my head. This brings
a ripple of chuckles. The girls arrive with polyester quilted jackets over
their usual daily attire of traditional Tibetan dress, and sneakers. Woolen
scarves are wound across the nose and chin, and they wear gloves. But as
the sun warms the courtyard, they are discarded and tossed on the wall.
The sad
moment comes when I must leave. I am deeply regretting having made
other plans to travel abroad during this holiday break. I feel I could
contentedly remain through the lhosar festival, picking up a lot of the
Tibetan language in this immersion environment. It is late afternoon, the
sun has warmed up the engine. I say goodbye to my friend, promising to
be back for a weekend after the winter break is over, and the snow is off
the perilous passes.
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