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Santa Catalina And Coiba Prison Island
Little Known Frontiers
By Escapeartist Staff
November 15th, 2004

A Short History

Coiba Island

There have been many famous prison islands: Alcatraz Island in California, Martin Garcia Island in Argentina, Dawson Island in Chile, Devil’s Island near French Guyana, Sakhalin Island in Russia, Alpha Aye Aye in Guinea Conarky and Isla Gorgona off the coast of Peru. And Panama also had its own prison island: Coiba Island on Panama’s Pacific coast.

The penal colony on Coiba Island(Click Here to see map of Coiba) was established in 1912 and closed in July of 2004: the last 8 prisoners were taken from the island in July. It’s obvious to see why the island was chosen as a penal colony; it’s far from the mainland and the waters around the island are infamous for aggressive sharks and strong currents. 

The island is very remote; the coastline near the island is not populated and the nearest town is hours away by boat. The island is also very large: ten miles wide and thirty miles long. Coiba Island is the largest island on the Pacific coast of Central America. Coiba is mountainous, covered in thick jungle and home to very poisonous snakes.

Panama’s worse criminals were sent to the island – 20 years is the longest sentence given in Panama; there is no death penalty - along with innocent opponents of the military regimes. The mere mentioning of Coiba strikes fear into any Panamanian. Right before the U.S. invasion of Panama, the rumor was going around that Noriega had released the prisoners of Coiba and that they were making their way back from the island to the capital to get their revenge. Prisoners were taken to the island twice a month by boat from Puerto Mutis, Veraguas; the trip took six hours.

Prisoners were then kept in a central compound where there was a church and a small clinic. Beyond the central compound there were nine smaller compounds where prisoners worked small farms. The island provided all the food for not only the penal system in Panama, but the public health system as well. Prisoners worked long hours and were given one meal a day at noon and then taken back into the fields to work.

Other prisoners were tortured relentlessly. During the military years in Panama the prison was turned into a kind of concentration camp for political opponents of the regime. People were hung from basketball rims for up to five days until their hands swelled up and the bones of their wrists were exposed; flies would lay eggs in the wounds and maggots would eat at the flesh. Other prisoners were tied to the back of horses and dragged, or shot in the jungle as they tried to escape.

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The prisoners who were true criminals spent their time killing each other as prison guards looked on or acted oblivious. Few prisoners escaped: some were able to make the 16 hour walk through the jungle to the far side of the island – the side nearest the mainland - and then swim across to the mainland or have a boat pick them up and take them off the island. 

But most were unsuccessful in escaping; most were carried off by the currents or disappeared in the jungle.

The prisoners separated themselves between those that were “straight” and those that were “gay”: in fact both had little towns of their own and some even were able to establish settlements on nearby islands where they established farms. In recent years, rival gangs from Panama City were taken to the island and unleashed on each other: photos of headless corpses lying on the beach near the prison headquarters were shown in Panamanian newspapers. In short, Coiba was rough and it wasn’t a place that anyone wanted to go to or even see – people were scared to even hear the word Coiba. That’s what makes its incredible beauty even more fascinating.

It is without a doubt one of Panama’s most beautiful, unspoiled and unknown places.

Santa Catalina

Santa Catalina is the best place to plan any trip to Coiba. The town is one hour from Coiba by boat and is known for having the best surfing beach in Central America. The town is just starting to lay the infrastructure for tourist development. We stayed at the Hotel Oasis; the Hotel is run by an Italian who has decided to make Santa Catalina his home.

The Hotel – which advertises itself as a surfers camp – has 8 or 9 cabins that cost only $10 a night per head: our excellent Italian meal cost only $4; there was no menu; the pasta and fresh salad were made by the owner and his family; both were excellent:

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pasta with baby clams and garlic. The rooms were very basic with bunk beds, showers, and fans - all the cabins were on the beach, and all had a great view of the beach and ocean. There are some other small Cabañas in Santa Catalina and an Italian-owned pizzeria as well as an Argentinean grill; this is frontier country and a few brave pioneers who could see the value of the spot have begun to build restaurants and hotels so that other people can come and enjoy the incredible beauty of this part of Panama. 

You can get to Santa Catalina from the town of Santiago, which is the capital of Veraguas, the province where both Santa Catalina and Coiba are located. The trip to Santa Catalina takes about 3 and a half hours from Santiago. 

From Santiago you travel to the town of Sona: this part of the trip takes about one hour. From Sona you take the road to Santa Catalina; after an hour or more on a paved road, you take a left onto a dirt road and drive for an hour and a half until you arrive to Santa Catalina. If you are planning to drive, I suggest you rent a 4x4, as the last stretch of road before entering Santa Catalina is very rough and muddy, especially during the rainy season.

The Trip To Coiba

Well, it was one of those funny things. I was in a cab talking to a friend about going to Coiba and how we should try to get there. I knew the traditional way of getting to the island was through the depressing port town of Puerto Mutis, but I had recently heard that a quicker and much better route to Coiba was by boat from the town of Santa Catalina. I wasn’t even sure that we could get to Coiba as the government controlled access to the island: how would we make it to Coiba? I said this to myself as my friend left the cab. Well, the cab driver hadn’t said anything during our conversation; he was listening to the booming radio, but when he turned down the radio, I told him half-jokingly that I was headed to Coiba for the weekend and he said to me, "I know all about Coiba, I was a prisoner on the island for 4 months". Panama luck. He told me a very interesting story and it went like this: In 1987 he had been working as a cab driver – I knew him and the company he worked for, Howard Cab – when he received a call to pick up an American GI. When he went to pick up the GI, the GI was with a Nicaraguan whore that he had picked up at some bar on J street. They were carrying drugs in a bag that they put into the car: they told him - the cab driver - about the drugs. All of this made complete sense to me and sounded like a lot of stories I had heard while in Panama. The GI, the woman and the situation: I had seen it myself when I first arrived in Panama and there were still American GIs in the country. Anyway, the cab driver drove the GI and whore to Howard Air Force Base; when they arrived the GI asked the cab driver to wait for them. They put the bags full of drugs in the trunk of the car. As the cabby waited for the GI, a Panamanian policeman pulled up and decided he wanted to check the cab; the cabby told me he thought the cop was stopping to talk with him, Panamanian to Panamanian, but he didn’t talk, rather he searched the car, found the drugs and arrested the cabby and took him immediately to prison. Set up? The courts believed his story about the GI and the whore, but he confessed to the court that the GI had told him what was in the bags. That meant he would get time. But it was during the military years in Panama, just as the relationship with the U.S. was turning sour; in 1987 Reagan froze the Panamanian banking system and the country began to ration, so the cabbie's case was lost in the rush of events. The invasion, the turmoil within Panama after the invasion, and, well, the cabbie's case was forgotten about. He continued the story. 

In 1994 he needed to get an official police record to complete a piece of paperwork: in Panama a police record is needed for many things. Well, they checked his police record and found the old offense from 1987. It had survived. When he went to pick up his police record, they told him that he was under arrest and that he would be shipped to Coiba immediately. And he was taken immediately. He told me that the boat ride from Puerto Mutis to Coiba Island took 6 hours - it can - and that the camp wasn’t as bad as he had expected - the military years were over, and the island was more relaxed – he told me there were a series of large army tents that people slept under; there was one meal at noon and people grew vegetables. He was glad to have left when his time came, but remembered the experience in such a way that he was willing to tell me about it. I thought Jesus what a start to the trip. I knew I had to reach Coiba after that, though it wasn’t going to be easy.

I rented a four-wheel drive on Friday, November 12, 2004 and picked up a friend, Cef, and grabbed my wife Gabi and three other people and headed off. We left at 6:30pm and drove the three and a half hours to Santiago from Panama City. We stayed at the Hotel Pyramidal in Santiago. The Pyramidal cost us $30 for a room with three beds and great air conditioning and large pool. The Hotel is Chinese-owned and has great plantings between the rooms. We arrived about 10:15pm, checked in and took our friend Rosi to see her Aunt on the outskirts of Santiago. On the way to the Aunt’s house, we passed a loud food processing plant that spewed foul odors and fumes. The air beyond the food processing plant was clean and sweet and in the thick grass. It was a rural quiet area. We waved goodbye to Rosi in the darkness and went back to the Pyramidal and slept well.

We woke early the next morning and had a typical breakfast for Santiago: meat with fried bread and a Coke. Very tasty and very wide awake. Panamanians love fried things in the morning: chicken, bread, meat or pork. Mies nuevo and caraminolas – these are names of fried foods - are special names for people in Panama, and when you say them, and when they realize that a foreigner knows about them, they light up with lighthouse beams of energy. 

We headed to Puerto Mutis; Cef was reading the paper and talking about the recipes. Gabi and the others argued in the backseat. Puerto Mutis is a funny port town. It narrows down to the sea; the current here is fast moving and the town feels dark and dirty. The seafood restaurants are famous for being very good, so if you like seafood, you’ll like this place. Cef tried to negotiate a boat. Cef is an old-time friend and is always good in a “stick”. The price for the three-hour boat ride was going to be $400. We left and decided to go to Santa Catalina. I had heard from other people that Santa Catalina was the place to go: I knew it had great surfing and a great beach, but that it was very hard to get to. To get to Santa Catalina you have to go to the town of Sona. So we drove from Santiago to Sona and picked up some supplies; it was 11:00am. We drove through the hot sun and windy countryside towards Santa Catalina. The area south of Sona in the direction of Santa Catalina is famous for rice and meat production. Large rice fields lined the road and cattle were more numerous as we drove closer to Santa Catalina. I almost missed the left turn to Santa Catalina and then the road was dirt and stone. We were smoking cigarettes and sipping light rum. We drove down a sharp hill and then right into a series of mud puddles; there was a black Mitsubishi in front of us. It stopped in the distance, as we were 4-wheeling through the mud and bad road. When we got close to the black Mitsubishi we realized the occupants of the Mitsubishi were pulling their pants down and pissing on the road, one of the girls who was pissing saw us and jumped up and got in the car and waited for us to pass. We were 15 minutes down the road from the Mitsubishi, looking at pastureland, when the black Mitsubishi reappeared and drove very fast and very wildly past us. 

The drive went on but the heat of the afternoon made us tired and weak. We pulled into the town of Santa Catalina at 2:00pm and were happy with what we saw. Very nice little town. Looks like one of those beaches you find in Costa Rica, except much less developed. The road wound down to the beach, which was dark sand. The town was very green with brightly colored houses made out of wood and concrete. The town was a bar, a store and a restaurant. There were some Europeans and Americans walking around.  We began negotiating for a boat and got one for $200. Good. Then we met an Italian guy, David, who offered us rooms for $10 a night. Momentum now. Good. David, the Italian,  got into his 4x4 and drove out of town through high grass that grew on a seaside plateau that looked out over the sea and surrounding countryside. A small wooden sign that said Jamming was stuck in the ground next to the road. It was the name of an Italian-owned pizzeria. Down a rough road and through the shallow ocean and we arrived to the Hotel Oasis. Great view of the ocean and a large, dark sand beach. We needed money and drinks so Cef and I decided to drive back to Sona for both. There is a money machine in Sona. Two hours there, two hours back. Off we went, the temperature was even more intense as the afternoon went on. We talked about many subjects on the long ride. We both had friends from Chile and both Cef and I had traveled through Chile; he in 1982 during the Falkland Crisis, and I in late 1997. Pinochet was still Chief of the Army in 1997. Cef said to me that it was funny to him that they had recently found Pinochet insane: ”He had always been insane for God’s sake”! “Now they realize it!” "After all this was a man who in 1980 wanted to have a single presidential term that would last for 16 years: isn't that crazy?" This was all said with comic inflection and a touch of insanity. The disturbed Pinochet had taken a democratic country with a long history of democracy, and disciplined it into a dictatorship of the disturbed in the name of national security threats. And people went along with it because the dictatorship protected them from possible dangers and, more importantly, Pinochet's rule was economically very beneficial to some people. And so a culture of killing and intimidation was established in formerly open and democratic Chile. The Chileans went from Citizens to Subjects in one generation under Pinochet. Don’t let it happen to you! Thank god, that Chileans are finally moving away from the dictatorship mindset.

We arrived in Sona and went to a pollo asado. The name was  Esther Asados and they served a very good roasted chicken with yucca or patacones(fried plantains). We bought what we needed and got back on the road, headed for Santa Catalina. We arrived as the sun was going down and we went to bed early. 

We woke up the next day to look for a boat. Our captain, who we had made the deal with the day before, was at home, and probably drunk, but his friend and first mate told us he would be happy to take us over to Coiba. As the first mate talked to us, I could see Coiba in the far distance. I could see the outline of the island and the high mountain center. It looked like a prison island even from this distant viewpoint: rough and intimidating. We picked up the others on the beach in front of Hotel Oasis. On the short ride over from Sanata Catalina to Hotel Oasis, I knew it was going to be a hard trip, because the boat was small and the waves were big and I was whip lashed around as we raced at high speeds through the surf. The driver, Tacho, smiled at me and said that the boat was normally used for fishing. Cef groaned as we flew into the air and back down onto the rough sea. 

After we arrived, we walked to the Hotel, but what we didn’t realize was that low tide was beginning and so the boat became stuck on the sand. We all pushed and the boat hit the water and began to move; we all jumped on and the motor turned over on the first pull and off we went. The ride out was hard and everyone was grimacing, but the dolphins jumped near the boat as well as flying fish, and the great anticipation of actually arriving to Coiba was exciting enough to make the one-hour, and very bumpy ride, worth it.

Tacho took us to Granito de Oro (Chunk of Gold) first and as we approached, Granito de Oro, I thought what are we doing here; it’s just a bunch of volcanic looking rocks. And then we went around to the other side of the small island and there was the most beautiful white sand beach with a little grove of palm trees at the top of the beach casting a shade across the white sand. The water was clear blue and everyone was excited about the place. I took pictures and ran around happy to see this. Coiba was right across from Granito de Oro; it was huge and looked very intimidating. We left Granito de Oro and went to the ANAM office on Coiba. ANAM is the government agency that runs Coiba National Park. ANAM has a small place where people can stay for $12 a night. This is paradise: $12 a night, bring something to eat; there is a small island town about 30 minutes from Coiba that can be reached by boat. We pulled in and met the people who ran the small ANAM station. They seemed to want to have visitors and were very nice to us. In fact, I forgot my shirt and as we left the island, they ran to the boat to give me back my shirt, very friendly for a prison island. Where the prisoners lived is on the other side of island. Tacho didn’t seem to want take us there. He said the government had taken everything and there was nothing to see. There are many dead people buried there – always better to leave the dead in peace. We headed to Playa Canales: white sand with a small freshwater stream running down into the ocean. So you could swim in saltwater and then lay in the freshwater stream that ran down the beach to the ocean. Hot sun now. We headed through the little islands and saw a huge house on a hill on one of the remote islands. We were told a large American company had bought the whole coast. I was told two people had bought this incredible landscape: Mick Jagger and Michael Douglas. I heard this in Panama City, not Coiba or Santa Catalina. Who knows?

We did go to the small town near Coiba: drunks walking around and dazed out. Sharp-featured Latins with wild eyes and crazy talk, and with beer and loud music. This was the old story: drunk on Sunday. Back to Santa Catalina we went. First against the sea current, then with it. The ride back – as always - was quicker. We unloaded our stuff and jumped into the car for the long 6 and a half hour drive back to Panama City, It was 4:30pm when we left so our arrival was going to be late. We ate in Sona and then drove to Santiago where we bought water; we stopped in Aguadulce to use the lavatory and then reached Panama City at 10:30pm. One last thing: if civilization is killing you a trip to Coiba might be good.

Suggestions

If you are planning to travel to Santa Catalina and Coiba as part of a road trip or tour, and are planning to go to the Chiriqui Highlands, then be sure to take the back road from Sona to the new Inter-American highway. At the back of Sona near the hospital is the entrance to the old Inter-American highway. The highway is one of the great eye-candy road trips you will ever take. There is a town off the road called Las Palmas – the town is 30 minutes off the old highway. Anyway, it has a great waterfall you should see. You might be able to camp along the old highway. Be sure to try and ask someone if it is all right. Normally people will be happy to oblige you. Remember, if you’re tense, then they will be tense. 

Sona

Late February there is the Patronales de Sona, this is one of the best country parties in Panama. The weather is bone dry and the winds are high and the party is blasting for 5 days or longer. 

Fairs

January to April is fair season in Panama. And the weather is hot and dry. There is the Flower Fair in Boquete in January. The International Festival of David is in March. The fair in David is one of the largest fairs in Central America. My favorite fair is the Azuero Fair; there is also the Ocu Fair and there is much more to see and enjoy.

Other articles by the author:

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