| Red Or
Blue |
| A Folk
Festival In The Amazon |
| by Rita Shannon
Koeser |
| It was a rainy,
humid April night in the Brazilian Amazon when I stepped off my ship in
Parintins and entered the world of Caprichoso and Garantido, a world of
red and blue.
A world where
red and blue are competing against each other in a fantastic performance
of music, dance, chanting, fireworks, singing, beautiful young people
in dazzling costumes, and beating of drums.
We had been
sailing for almost 2 weeks, first through the Caribbean, then into the
Atlantic But this was the highlight of the cruise, sailing
on the mighty and legendary Amazon river. |
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| The Amazon,
second largest river in the world with the world’s most diverse ecosystem,
and home to a variety of Indian tribes, is also home to modern cities
where people have cell phones and computers. But they retain a deep
attachment to the indigenous culture that surrounds them.
The cruise
would wind up in Manaus, a city known as the Paris of South America
in the 19th century because of the elegant houses of the wealthy rubber
barons and the stunning opera house they had built in this city 1000 miles
up the Amazon river from the Atlantic. We had stopped at several
river towns to explore, see local entertainments, meet the people and buy
some of their colorful handicrafts. We also learned about the local flora
and fauna. Santarém and Alter do Chão had been
fascinating and the people were welcoming. In Santarém
there were many beautiful parrots, and it was in Alter do Chão that
we saw our first sloths.
Many of the
citizens were walking around the town with these animals, and it seems
they had made pets of them. One of the locals made our cruise director,
Andrew, take a picture with a sloth. |
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| He wasn’t
sure how to hold it, so both tourists and local people had a good
laughs at his expense!
But now we
had arrived in Parintins (pop. 80,000) a city of magic and mystery
located on the right bank of the Amazon river on the island of Tupinambarana
about 420 km (261 miles) east of Manaus. Parintins
is a bustling city with busy shops, a beautiful cathedral and many
motorcycles, bicycles, and scooters. The people take
an immense pride in their city and their festival. The “Festival
Folclórico de Parintins” takes place the last three days of June
every year. It is held in the Bumbódromo, the huge purpose
built stadium that holds 40,000 spectators. For six hours each night
there is the incredible spectacle of singing, dancing, beating of the drums,
chanting, fireworks, giant floats and decorations. This is a huge
festival incorporating some of the legends, rites, and rituals of the indigenous
people of the Amazon forest. |
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Offshore
Resources Gallery
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| The songs
and dances are conceived and worked on in Parintins during the year, and
everything, including the floats and costumes, is made locally.The artistic
creativity of the people of Parintins is well known throughout Brazil,
and this festival is now almost a rival in popularity to Rio’s famous Carnival.
For the tourists,
a small 2 hour sampling of this astonishing festival is given throughout
the year. From the ship, we went to see the 2 hour performance. The local
people were delighted to see us and wanted to practice their English with
us. I noticed some teenage girls wearing T-shirts that said “English
School”. Curious, I walked up to Gláucia, her cousin Ynessa,
and their friends Paola and Simone and started talking to them. They
were students at the English School, which is an English language school
run in the town by Catarina Picanço , or as she would later tell
me “they call me Kathy”. The girls studied with Kathy three
times a week in her one room school equipped with a video, computer,
and air conditioning. These classes were supplemental to the English
classes they took in their regular school.
The girls told
me about the performance I was about to see. I learned that there
is an intense but goodhearted rivalry in the whole town during the festival. |
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| The performance
revolves around the story of the killing and resurrection of a bull.
There are two teams telling the story in music, dance, and song.
Gláucia, with her brilliant smile told me she is the fan of Caprichoso,
the blue bull, and her cousin Ynessa is a fan of the red bull called
Garantido. We had a good laugh about the cousins’ rivalry.
The girls,
their teacher Kathy, and I would become very good friends.
The performance
was spellbinding. We were amazed at what we were seeing. The
drums, dancing, and costumes were like nothing we had ever seen before.
And this was just a small sampling of what takes place every year on June
28, 29, and 30, a festival that has been described as “an outdoor opera
in the middle of the Amazon forest” This is a big celebration
of the indigenous culture of the people of the Amazon. |
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Offshore
Resources Gallery
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| The performance
tells the basic story of a young peasant couple, Catirina and Francisco.
Catirina being pregnant has a craving for the tongue of a bull. Francisco
kills his master’s favorite bull, cuts out the tongue and gives it to his
wife to eat. Scared that his master would have him killed for this,
he asks the local priest for help. The priest brings the bull back
to life with much drama, spectacle, drumming and fireworks, and Francisco’s
life is spared.
The story has
evolved over the years, and now the play incorporates many Amazonian legends
and myths. The church priest is now an Indian sorcerer and the story
takes place inside the forest. Amazon animals, forest gods, and the
shamans all have their parts to play.
One of the
legends is of an enchanted boy named Norato who became an enormous snake
when he grew up. At night he left his snake’s body and became a man.
He was well loved and had many friends in the forest, but at dawn Norato
transformed into a snake again. He could only become a man at night.
Many shamans and others tried to help him break the spell but nobody ever
could. They say that Norato is still roaming the rivers of the Amazon.
The great snake legend comes from the real huge snakes like anacondas that
live in the Amazon region.
Even the beautiful
giant water lilies of the Amazon river have a legend. This one is
about an Indian girl from one of the Amazon tribes who falls in love
with a warrior who lives on the moon. When the moon was full she
tired hard to reach the warrior. Her friends tried to convince her
that this was hopeless, but she wouldn’t stop hoping. Then one night
deep in the forest she saw a reflection of the moon in a lake. Thinking
her loved one had come to earth at last, she jumped into the lake and drowned.
But the warrior did exist. Taking pity on the poor girl who
had fallen in love with him, he transformed her into the giant water Lilly,
known as Vitória-Régia . These legends and many others
are always part of the show.
The competition
between the two rival bulls, Caprichoso (the blue bull) and Garantido
(the
red bull) is before a panel of judges who will judge each team
on its singing, dancing, costumes, and the chanting of their fans.
Yes, the fans have a big part to play. The fans of Caprichoso sit on one
side of the stadium and the fans of Garantido on the other. Each
side of the stadium is awash in either blue or red. When the blue
team is performing, their fans are chanting and making a lot of noise and
vice versa. The other side must stay silent during the rival team’s
performance. The judges will take into account the enthusiasm of the fans
in making their decision.
The island
at this time is surrounded by many boats of the tourists who have come
for the festival. The whole town and the tourists are caught up in
the spirit of the festival. They dance in the streets during the
day and go to the Bumbódromo for the performances at night.
Everyone roots for either the blue bull or the red.
Though the
competition is mostly in a spirit of fun, sometimes fanaticism takes hold.
Gláucia told me about one lady, a fan of Garantido, who painted
her house red. Not being happy with this alone, she then went on
to paint her pool red, too! Then there is the other lady, a fan of
Caprichoso, who painted her house blue, and during the time of the festival
won’t let her husband park his car in their garage because the car is red!
Returning to
the ship and leaving Parintins was hard to do. I haven’t made it
back to Parintins in June for the big festival yet, but I’m determined
to do this in the near future. The girls, Kathy s me, “Are you red or
blue? Do you want Caprichoso or Garantido to win?” I haven’t
committed to either one yet!!!and I stayed in touch through the years.
We are all now very close friends.
Each June when
the festival is on, Gláucia ask.
The following
article is the first article Rita wrote for the magazine:
To contact Rita
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