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To The End Of The World
Part 3: Near Disaster in Amazonas 
by Charles Ragsdale
Last year, during a seven-month period, the author drove nearly 25,000 miles in a 1988 Toyota 4Runner from Connecticut all the way to the southernmost city in the world – Usuhaia, Argentina, passing through some of the world’s most beautiful scenery on some of the world’s worst maintained and most dangerous roads.

He ended his twelve country odyssey in Paraguay, where he sold his car and flew home to the USA, forever changed by his life on the road during what was a truly remarkable undertaking. While a full recounting of his journey would require many volumes, the author has agreed to provide us with glimpses and insight into what he experienced. This is the third in a series of five articles.

To begin, the term Transamazon Highway is misleading. While highway BR 262 does indeed pass through the heart of the Amazon and was part of a series of roads cut through that jungle by Brazil's military government in the 1970s, it is in no way, shape or form a highway. This “highway,” which extends south from Manaus to Porto Velho, a distance of about 1000km, has been closed to public transport for the last twelve years. It appears that the Brazilian government stopped maintaining the highway long before then. Currently, no special permission is required to go on the road,  save a lack of common sense. How to describe the road? Route? Trail? Jungle clearing?

The last term is closest. At one time the road was a two-lane paved highway, and at some stretches remnants of pavement are still visible. For the most part, though, the road is an uneven dirt surface only a few feet wide, since the jungle has swallowed up the rest of it. The surface is either awfully uneven and potholed (Transamazon potholes can be massive four foot sinkholes and must be avoided because of the serious damage they can inflict on a car) or mud.

The mud was not to be believed – often consisting of whole fields that stretched on for forty or fifty yards and were both very deep and filled with water.

The most frightening part though, was the bridges. They were all made out of wood, with poorly fitted and very weathered planks jutting out at odd angles.

They were of course only wide enough for one car to pass at a time, and groaned in protest with our weight. Sometimes I found myself looking over their sides at ravines and rivers and expecting to be dumped into either in a crash of breaking and splintering  wood. Also, at five of the river crossings, there was no permanent bridge whatsoever. Enterprising villagers, for a fee, helped the occasional vehicle make these crossings. At two of these crossings, we drove on to rusty barges which were either towed or pulled across using ropes on the opposite bank. At the other three, rickety pontoon bridges, which had clearly been constructed by the fee-charging villagers themselves and inspired decidedly little confidence, were the order of the day.

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As you read this, you may have wondered whether narrow bridges and one-lane roads pose a danger because of oncoming traffic. Well, the answer would be yes … if there was any oncoming traffic. If you were to stop at any given point on the highway and wait, perhaps three or four trucks would pass by in a week. There were stretches of hundreds of kilometers without any sign of human habitation whatsoever - forget about gas stations or restaurants, if you want to drive or eat you  must carry your own gas and food.

Well that's what the Transamazon is like. What follows is my experience on the road.  After stocking up on food, gas, and water the day before, Ben (a longtime friend who flew into Venezuela and joined me on the Caracas - to - Rio de Janeiro portion of the trip) and I awoke at dawn in Manaus, the largest city in Northwestern Brazil. We took a barge across the Amazon River at around sunrise, and anticipated making it sometime late at night or the  next day to Porto Velho, a major Brazilian city at the end of BR 262, near the Bolivian border. The drive started off well enough.

On the south side of the Amazon River we hit fifty kilometers of fresh pavement, and I remember feeling cheated after having prepared myself for a hellish drive.

I was not to be disappointed though. Abruptly the pavement ended, and progress slowed to a crawl. I spent the rest of the day crashing over bumps  and potholes, sliding through mud fields, and saying silent prayers as I inched over rickety old bridges. At one point while Ben was driving we hit a massive pot hole that was hidden behind a rise, and everything in the car was thrown loose.

The worst part though, was that the jolt cracked one of my spare gas tanks, and most of the gas leaked out and covered all of our stuff. At first I was annoyed by the gasoline smell, but as the day wore on, fuel consumption became an overwhelming preoccupation.

There was nothing I could  do though, other than to take certain fuel conservation measures - keep the a/c off, keep the engine at around  2700 rpm, and use 4x4 only when necessary.

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We kept looking for a shack or farm or anywhere it might be possible to buy gas, but there was nothing at all. Finally, around nightfall, we ran into a large, very sturdy commercial truck carrying a half dozen people that had stopped for the night by the side of the road. It was one of the four cars we saw on the entire 1000km crossing. We stopped to talk to the people, and from the looks they gave us once they understood who we were and where we had come from, we might as well have been aliens. They were friendly though, and after some  negotiation, we traded them food, water, and cigarettes for about six liters of gas - all they could spare from the gasoline-powered motorcycle that was their emergency transportation in case of a breakdown in their diesel truck. It still wasn’t enough, but it was something, and would at least reduce the distance we would have to hike in the event we ran out of gas.

So we took off into the night buoyed by our slight improvement in fuel and the novel experience of bartering for gasoline with dry goods in the middle of the jungle. Our joy was short lived though. About 20 km down the road, I came upon a mud patch - it was only about twenty-five yards across, far shorter than some of the ones we had plowed across earlier in the day, and did not seem too hazardous, so I drove right into it, and quickly found myself sinking into what was the deepest mud patch of the trip. I  attempted to shift into 4x4 and get at least two of the wheels on what appeared to be a patch of solid earth, but the mud was too deep and the patch of solid earth was actually muddy clay. The wheels spun and the car  shuddered, and we became well and truly stuck. The mud was so deep that the front tires were off the ground as the middle of the car sunk all the way up to the undercarriage. It was dark, there was no one else for over a hundred kilometers as far as we knew, and we grew increasingly worried. We tried for an hour or two to free ourselves and then decided to wait until morning and try again.

Morning arrived, and we awoke drenched in sweat from the ninety-degree overnight heat to the lovely buzzing sound of the bloodthirsty insects that had not tired of their overnight attempts to get through our mosquito net.

With renewed vigor we set about clearing away water and mud from the area around the tires. We used rocks to drive blocks of wood underneath the tires, and then packed dry dirt around the surface for added traction. Nothing helped. The weight of the car prevented us from getting the wood blocks directly underneath the tires, and the slippery conditions made jacking the car up far too dangerous.

The front wheels, which weren’t even touching the ground anymore, spun uselessly, and the rear wheels were locked in place. At this point the car had settled so deeply in the mud that the center of the car was supported by an island of clay, and the skid pad, a solid steel plate which protects the engine belts from stray debris, had been bent inward by the crushing weight of the vehicle. After several hours of exhausting effort, all we had accomplished was to cover ourselves completely from head to toe in mud; not even a spot of paint was visible on the 4Runner. By noontime we realized we were not going to be able to extract the car ourselves. We decided to make an inventory of our remaining food and water: we had enough for three days with a light diet, maybe seven with starvation rations. We resolved to wait until the next day for another car, and then if no one came, to hike out, although we were undecided about whether we should both go or whether it would be better for one of us to set off with the lion’s share of our supplies while the other waited it out in the car. We spent the day in the sweltering heat trying to stay optimistic, even though it seemed likely that the next day we would be starting a three hundred kilometer hike on unfamiliar ground with a few cans of tuna, some crackers, four energy bars, and a half bottle of water purification tablets. Future plans, such as an upcoming trip to Spain to reunite with my princesa andaluza, Ana Belen, seemed distant and far fetched.

Then at around five o’clock a peasant farmer man and his wife rode by on a bicycle, the woman clutching a rifle as she sat sideways behind her husband. The man hopped off the bicycle, and we negotiated with him for help. He had a machete as well as a sickle like spade tool, and with these in hand he began to dig. After clearing areas around each of the tires, he found chunks of pavement and put them near the wheels. He then cut down a tree about fifteen feet long and eight inches in diameter. His ingenious plan, which succeeded where we had failed, was to use the tree as a massive lever. We positioned one end of the tree underneath the hub of a wheel, and with the combined efforts of all three of us pushing down on the other end, raised the car off the ground, and held it up long enough for the peasant man’s wife to place chunks of pavement underneath the wheel.  We then repeated the same procedure on each of the other wheels. This was all going well until about halfway through the process I was walking around barefoot (the mud made shoes useless) when I heard a loud thunk and looked down to see the man's machete, which he had carelessly left on the ground,  impaled in my big toe. I screamed in pain, and my friend ran over with the first aid kit as a puddle of blood covered my foot and the ground. I bandaged myself up as best I could, using a couple of butterfly closures and gauze strips to staunch the bleeding, and spent the rest of the time in the car, wondering what sort of exotic and incurable infection the mud might harbor.

Finally the pavement was in place under the wheels, and I put the car in gear and gently rocked the car  back and forth, shifting from forward to reverse. At first the wheels spun uselessly. We then repositioned the pavement to provide better traction. I started working the car in forward and reverse again. Again, the wheels spun, although this time the car shuddered, and struggled to pull itself over the mound of mud and clay which supported much of its weight. The cost of failure would be huge and I was as nervous as I was excited. Finally, we realized that it was now or never. I revved the engine and redlined it before throwing it into gear and giving it all she had. The tries spun and screeched in protest and began to burn, filling the air with acrid smoke.  Finally, in a truly climatic moment, the car lurched back a foot, and I immediately threw it into first again, floored it, and shot out of the mud pit.  Thrilled, I honked the horn wildly while Ben cheered and our Brazilian helpers grinned. Inspecting the damage done, I saw that my expensive English off-road tires, which were supposed to have lasted at least one hundred thousand miles, were now completely stripped of their tread. My friend and I thanked the peasant farmer profusely and paid him double what we had agreed before moving on.

We drove for a couple of hours before deciding to sleep a second night in the car and continue at dawn. The next day was all about fuel, as there was nowhere to get gas and the map showed us clearly out of range of the nearest city, Humaita.

Finally, at around noon, a most curious sight greeted my eyes. A well-ordered homestead and farm emerged from the jungle on the right side of the road. I coasted into the driveway, constantly expecting the engine to cut out, the fuel warning light having been on for over forty kilometers. To my shock, two rambunctious children with bleach blonde hair and piercing blue eyes came running from the house to greet us. We were unable to communicate effectively with the children using our book-learned Portuguese. They switched to German, only confusing us further.

Finally their father showed up, having been summoned from a project he was overseeing in one of their fields. I watched this fair-skinned, barrel-chested blonde man wearing overalls approach me, and I was somewhat in awe. Here was a man who gave new meaning to the phrase “pater familius.”  Clearly, whatever needed to be fixed or made, any difficulty or crisis that arose (and there must have been many in this lonely corner of the globe) rested entirely on his ingenuity and determination for a solution. Fortunately he was kind and gregarious rather than stoic and taciturn, and I learned a bit of his story during the course of some polite conversation (he was able to understand my formal and somewhat stilted Portuguese) and a quick tour of his farm. A native Brazilian, whose grandfather had come to Brazil from Germany five decades earlier, he moved to this wild and untamed corner of Brazil seeking new opportunity and cheap land twenty years ago. He had built much of his house and the outlying buildings by himself, and simultaneously filled the roles of father, husband, manager, mechanic, veterinarian, and agriculturist.  When it was time for us to leave, he sold me some gasoline he had stored in a fifty-gallon drum, using a hose to siphon it into my tank. He explained that occasionally government work crews would be doing bridge maintenance and have need of gasoline or peasants would buy the gasoline and use it as an accelerant in the fires they set to clear land.

We said our goodbyes to the affable German. The day was bright and clear, our gas supply was more than adequate for the last stretch, and we could once again use the fuel-consuming luxuries of air conditioning and four wheel drive. From that point it was more or less smooth sailing and after another 100km the road became almost passable. Conditions improved steadily until there were such amenities as pavement, dividing lines, road signs, and lo and behold .... CIVILIZATION!!!!

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