| Working
Abroad: |
| Give the
World a Twirl |
| by Mary Anne Thompson
- Founder of www.goinglobal.com |
| Interest
among both new and seasoned professionals in pursuing international careers
has skyrocketed in recent years. Such interest has been enhanced
by chronic personnel shortages in home markets that are causing companies
to actively search beyond their borders for talent.
Professionals
of all ages are pro-actively seeking career experiences outside their home
countries for a variety of professional and personal reasons --- the need
to recharge their batteries with a new challenge, the opportunity to have
a position with more responsibility that encourages creativity and initiative
(and typically involves a promotion to boot!), the wish to expose their
children to another culture and the opportunity to learn a second language,
and the recognition that many of those who have "climbed to the top" of
the corporate ladder have leap-frogged ahead after a global work experience. |
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| Resume/CV
guidelines are in a constant state of change. There are no hard-and-fast
rules that are 100% appropriate in every case. Best advice: do your
homework - find out what is appropriate vis-a-vis the corporate culture,
the country culture, and the culture of the person making the hiring decision.
The challenge will be to incorporate several different cultures into one
document.
Tools for
Applying for Overseas Employment:
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The terms "resume"
and "CV" (curriculum vitae) generally mean the same thing the world-over,
i.e., a document describing one's educational and professional experience
that is prepared for job-hunting urposes. When there is a difference,
a CV is typically a lengthier version of a resume, complete with numerous
attachments. Note: The average length for a resume or CV is
two pages - no matter the country, no matter the position. Never
ever try to "get around the rules" by shrinking your font size to an unreadable
level or printing your resume on the front and back sides of one piece
of paper. Neither is an acceptable technique under any circumstance.
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Never "stretch"
your resume to two pages but also never "sell yourself short" by limiting
yourself to one page.
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Different countries
use different terms to describe the specific aspects of what a resume/CV
should contain. For example, "cover letters" are called "letters
of interest" in some countries and "motivation letters" in others. Another
example… photographs are not appropriate to be attached to resumes in the
United States; and if one is attached anyway, the employer is required
to dispose of it. In many countries outside the US, it is standard
procedure to attach a photo or have your photo printed on your CV.
Also, some countries require original copies of transcripts and references
to be attached to your application.
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Offshore Resources Gallery
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Education requirements
differ country to country. In almost every case of "cross-border"
job hunting, merely stating the title of your degree would not necessarily
be an adequate description. The reader still might not have a clear
understanding of what topics you studied or for how many years (i.e., in
some countries, a university degree can be obtained in three years and
in other countries it takes five years to receive a degree). If you
are a recent graduate, and depending heavily on your educational background
to get a job, provide the reader with details about your studies and any
related projects/experience. The same advice is true for seasoned
professionals who have participated in numerous training or continuous
education courses --- provide the reader with specific information on what
you learned, the number of course hours, etc. Note: The general rule
is that your university training strictly becomes "a line item" on
your resume (i.e., no further details needed) once you have five or more
years of professional experience.
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If you have specific
training, education or expertise, use industry-accepted terminology in
your description.
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Use language
and terms that any professional in your field would understand, no matter
where in the world he/she lives.
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Pay particular
attention whether to write your resume in chronological or reverse-chronological
order. Chronological order means: start by listing your first or
"oldest" work experience. Reverse-chronological order means: start
by listing your current or most recent experience first. Most countries
have definite preferences about which format is most acceptable.
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If there are no
specific guidelines given, the general preference is that a resume/CV be
written in a reverse-chronological format.
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Offshore
Resources Gallery
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The level of computer
technology and accessibility to the Internet varies widely country to country.
Even if a company or individual lists an e-mail address, there is no guarantee
that they actually received your mail. Always make sure to e-mail
your resume as an attachment and in a widely accepted format, such as "Word."
I would always recommend sending a hard copy of your resume/CV via "snail
mail" just to make sure that it is received.
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Computer skills
and language skills are always important, no matter the job, no matter
the country. Take care to describe your skill levels in detail in
both categories.
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If you are submitting
your resume in English, find out if the recipient uses "British" English
or "American" English. There are numerous variations between the
two versions. A reader who is unfamiliar with the variations just
presumes that the resume contains typos. Most European companies
use "British" English though most United States companies - no matter where
they are based in the world - use "American" English. Almost every
computer today provides you with both options.
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Spellcheck, spellcheck,
spellcheck, then get a human being to spellcheck your resume/CV.
Incorrectly spelled words or typos are frowned upon by human resource professionals
the world over. The presumption is that if you submit a sloppy, careless
resume, you will be a sloppy, careless worker. A human "spellchecker"
is especially valuable for catching words that are spelled properly but
are used incorrectly. The same is true for taking the time to double-check
the correct title, gender and spelling of the name of the recipient of
your resume. In the United States, "Jan" is a woman's name though
it is a man's name in Europe.
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If you can, get
someone who is a native speaker of the language in which your resume/CV
is written to review your document. Resumes/CV's written by non-native
language speakers tend to include terms, though correct in the exact translation,
are never used on an every day basis. For example, several foreign
resumes/CVs submitted to US employers describe university/college education
as "tertiary" education. Although "tertiary" is literally correct,
it is a term that is almost never used in the United States. One
goal of your resume/CV is to show your familiarity with the culture by
using culturally-appropriate language. Anything else just highlights
that you may not be a candidate who can "hit the ground running."
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Be aware that
stationary or paper sizes are different dimensions in different countries.
The United States standard is 8½ x 11 inches whereas the European
A-4 standard is 210 x 297 mm. When you are transmitting your resume/CV
via e-mail, go to "page setup" on your computer and reformat your document
to the recipient's standard. Otherwise, when they print it out on
their end, half of your material will be missing! The same is true
for sending a fax. If you transmit material typed on "irregular"
size paper, half of it will be missing on the other end. If at all
possible, purchase stationery that has the same dimensions as the recipient's
and mail/fax your resume on that stationery.
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Most multinational
companies will expect you to speak both the language of that country and
English, which is widely accepted today as being the universal language
of business. Have your resume/CV drafted in both languages and be
prepared for your interview to be conducted in both languages. Most
companies want to "see" and "hear" actual proof of your language skills
early in the hiring process.
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The safest way
to ensure that your document is "culturally correct" is to review as many
examples as possible. Ask the employer or recruiter for examples
of resumes that they thought were particularly good.
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Work permit and
visa regulations appear very similar country-to-country. In very
general terms, most employers who want to hire "foreigners," "aliens" or
"expatriates" must be able to certify to the government that they were
unable to find locals with the required skill sets. The fastest way
to be hired abroad is either to actively seek a country where there is
a shortage of people with your skills (IT backgrounds are pretty "hot"
everywhere) or to be an "intra-company" transfer from another country.
Be aware that obtaining a work permit can take many, many months.
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Lastly, to be
successful and enjoy your experience abroad, you must be flexible and open-minded,
both eager and willing to learn new ways of doing things. You must
be willing to "When in Rome, do as the Romans do." To hold fast to
your own cultural traditions even when they offend another or render you
ineffective is a waste of everyone's time. People every where appreciate
individuals who are at least interested in getting to know them and learn
about their ways of doing things. Enormous cultural faux pas are
forgiven of pleasant individuals who are making honest attempts to fit
in. On the other hand, arrogant know-it-alls can sink million dollar
deals just by their boisterous attitudes. Be patient and observant.
Ask questions; show your interest in learning and broadening your horizons.
Be aware that you represent your country to everyone you meet. You
may be the first "Australian" that a "German" has ever met. Both
of these individuals will walk away from the initial encounter assuming
that all Australians or all Germans are just like you. Representing
an entire country is a major responsibility and one that you should be
aware of in everything you say and do.
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