Buying International Real Estate ~ Exchange Controls, Offshore Banking, Government Folly, Privacy, International Real Estate & Foreign Currencies
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Buying International Real Estate
Exchange Controls, Offshore Banking, Government Folly, Privacy,
International Real Estate & Foreign Currencies
By Roger Gallo
Note: This article is an updated version of an article which I've now published a total of three times.  The article remains relevant while the world around it continues to offer recurring opportunities to make use of its basic principles.  I've updated, and hopefully clarified those principals in an attempt to make them easier to understand.  I've also added some conceits, ranting, manipulated imagery and more of my egoistic rhetoric.  Perhaps it is an improvement.  If the changes help to clarify the investment principles of currency fluctuations then I am temporarily satisfied.  The information is meant to apply to the current situation in Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil, but may apply anywhere in which similar investment opportunities exist. 
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Buying Smart 

There are a number of interrelated factors that apply to Exchange Controls, International Real Estate and to Foreign Currencies that are important for us to understand:

The purchasing power of each nation's currency (money) profoundly effects the actual price of that nations property, (commodities) especially vis a vis the currencies of nations other than the nation in question. Every nation that still has an independent currency, usually pegs their currency to a value that fluctuates in worth relative to the currencies of other nations.  As example, it is common knowledge that the Euro and the Dollar were initially pegged one to one, but circumstance has altered that relationship. At the time of this writing the Euro is pegged: 1 Euro = 1.01070 US Dollar 1 US Dollar (USD) = 0.98941 Euro (EUR)   In January of 2002 the Euro was pegged at: 1 Euro = 0.89154 US Dollar  1 US Dollar (USD) = 1.12165 Euro (EUR) -  That is a 10¢ difference in the value of the Euro in a twelve month period of time.  Regardless of the price a nation tries to peg their currency to, it is the remnants of the free market that are the final arbiter of its value.

Currency rates are cyclical and history demonstrates that those nations with high rates of inflation have weak currencies subject to periodic currency devaluation's.  One can say that in reverse; governments that have weak currencies have high rates of inflation, and the result in either case is ultimately some form of devaluation.  I suspect that the most common cause of any devaluation is robbery of the nations assets on the part of those in political power. 

One Zopoloté
One Zopoloté - Republic of Sabroso
In many ways competing currencies are good because they prevent any singular government from arbitrary controlling the value of money and leave the decision of value to the discretion of the remnants of the free market.  But, while competing currencies are of value, there is a case for doing away with government monopoly in money production, which would place the means of money production and the requirement of value in the hands of the free market. In such a scenario, money would have to be backed with an actual value, like gold or silver, and not by the good promises of a government official. i.e. The money would be real.
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For a currency to be devalued means that the issuing government has mandated that the price of the currency (in foreign dollars) is to be lowered by government fiat or decree. Immediately following such a devaluation the price of commodities produced within that nation, (as well as its real estate), becomes cheaper to buyers who have sound foreign currencies and are capable of using those sound currencies to make their purchases. 

This buying opportunity which I call a 'window of opportunity,' will only exist for brief cyclical periods, from the moment of a devaluation up until the time when that nation's ‘internal’ prices are adjusted to compensate for the difference between the internal prices and those prices existing ‘externally’ to that nation.  There is usually, but not always, a lag time between the moment of devaluation and the moment of adjustment. The lag time can be quite brief, however the differences in a strong currencies buying power within that lag time is often quite pronounced. (i.e. the deals are good.) 

Upon the inevitable upwards price adjustment created by external buying pressure the purchased property or commodity will then reflect its truer internal value vis a vis its national currency once again.  Example:

Ten Zopoloté to the Dollar

A two hundred acre ranch property in the imaginary Republic of Sabroso is worth US$100,000.  The national currency of Sabroso is the Zopoloté. (See image above.) The official rate of exchange is Ten Zopoloté to the Dollar; (Z$10 = US$1).  Hence, under normal circumstances it takes Z$1,000,000 [1 million Zopolotés] to purchase our two hundred acre ranch.  Without warning, the Republic's Ministry of Economic Development and Finance, Senor Chappurito, announces a fifty percent devaluation of the Zopoloté.  (The Minister-General himself, is unavailable for comment; Senor Chappurito, along with his wife and children are vacationing in Zürich) 

Internally, inside the Republic of Sabroso, little has changed.  A  housewife  in the Capital City of Sâo Donato goes shopping for groceries; there is no change in prices. Two tomatoes cost the same price on the day of the devaluation as they did the day before; a dozen eggs have not increased in price by as much as a single Zopoloté, even a pound of meat costs no more then it did a week ago.  On the International Monetary Exchange however, things have changed.  We can suddenly buy twice as many Zopolotés today for each $US dollar than the number of Zopolotés we could buy the day before.  Wishing to take advantage of this opportunity, we buy one million Zopolotés for US$50,000, (which would have cost us $US100,000 just yesterday,) we then fly to the Republic of Sabroso and for our US$50,000 (one million Zopolotés),  we purchase the two hundred acre ranch. 
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Ultimately the commodity (consumer) prices within the Republic of Sabroso will rise until they are in balance with the prices outside of the Republic.  Ultimately our ranch will be worth two million Zopolotés, (or US$100,000) and two tomatoes will take twice as many Zopolotés to reach the kitchen.  Such is the advantage for us of holding our money in a strong currency or in gold or silver, until such times as we can take advantage of a cyclical  fluctuation. ...and the disadvantage plagued upon the people of Sabroso, and all other nations, by their bureaucratic masters.
Art by Donna Rawlins Sharpe
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Government Employees Uber Alles

We might well make the assertion that the use of such a modality for purchasing a property is mercenary.  However, before we make such an assertion we should wonder if such an event has ever happened to us.  The answer is a resounding Yes. Just like all the other world's currencies, the United States Dollar has undergone several devaluation's. Those who were then holding stronger currencies such as the Yen (then,) or hard metal assets such as gold or silver were able to buy commodities and real estate inside the United States at bargain basement prices and did so!  Welcome to the real world. Like it or not, this is the way of finance in a world of mixed economies; where governments exert control over not just the the economy of a nation, but also over the ultimate value of a nations currency, and do so through an act of fiat. (The word Fiat can be defined as the arbitrary whim of a government employee.)  People who are in government service can take unscrupulous advantage of such a devaluation and profit handsomely at their citizens expense.  However, this is not the place to discuss such issues; even though I would love to rake any number of politicians over the coals I will restrain myself and maintain a semi level-headed focus on the issues we are discussing in this article.  Never lust after the blood of bloodsuckers, it may be tainted.
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We are not obligated to buy in this fashion, nor is it always to our advantage to do so.  If we find a situation where there is a stable currency inside a stable nation; we may of course proceed to buy real estate there because we like the place and we plan to spend part of, or the rest of our life there, regardless of any cyclical fluctuations in property or monetary values.  It may also be worthwhile to point out the obvious fact that there are both practical and emotional reasons to purchase real estate.  To many of us a family house is much more than just a piece of real estate, it is a home with a capital ‘H’.  It is something personal that we make a part of ourselves. True, it is also a  combination of other factors: a major investment, a sort of savings program, a tax shelter and a large part of our retirement insurance.  Buying something as personal and emotionally laden as real estate doesn't have to wait for bargain time, it can be fun to buy even when the price is high if the property is something that really excites us. However, for most of us it is probably always more fun to buy low and sell high than the the alternative.
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Foreign Real Estate As Sound Investment & Hard Asset

It may be worth considering that even though a particular property fills ‘practical’ investment criteria, it still remains very difficult for many of us to look at a home as something we simply buy and sell like a bushel of apples, or as we might buy and sell some stock in IBM. Real estate is an investment that many of us become psychologically attached to. This propensity for engendering emotional attachment changes (separates) purchasing property from just about every other form of investment.  However, as we become expatriates, and/or buyers of overseas real estate, we develop a global perspective rather than a narrow parochial view, and because this new view has a wider peripheral, we are able to see what was once obscured by the narrower frame of reference. 

The fact that more and more people are now buying international real estate, (which is to say, property in a country other than their birth or current residence,) it also changes the time frame in which a 'window of opportunity,' may exist.  i.e. The pressure to adjust to 'external' prices will be greater and more rapid as smart people from around the world go around the world looking for smart property. 

As I've said countless times, there are reasons to buy international real estate; good economic reasons that go beyond the emotional.  Owning foreign real estate takes us out of restrictive and potentially volatile currencies whether the Dollar, Peso, Zopoloté, or Yen, and places us in a form of real, or hard, asset.  Example:

In our imaginary scenario in the Republic of Sabroso, we purchased a swell property for fifty cents on the dollar.  Now, what if that dollar should happen to fall?  We'd have more Zopolotés to put on the wall?  Well, yes, sort of.  In our scenario we purchased a property for US$50,000 during a cyclical low in the Zopoloté.  If the dollar should now fall by twenty percent, (which is entirely possible,) then that increases the worth of our property in dollar purchasing power. [we can ‘buy’ more dollars in exchange for our property]  We now have a ranch worth US$125,000;  each dollar has now fallen in value to .80¢ based on its former worth.  We have in effect made US$75,000 [*See note¹ below] simply by purchasing a ranch we wanted anyway. 

Do these things actually happen?  Assuredly.  So, another factor for us to consider in purchasing international real estate is a positive diversification of our assets out of the dollar (or any other government created currency,) and into a tangible asset with intrinsic value. 
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Germany's economy collapsed and inflation soared after World War I, due in part to vindictive terms imposed on it by the Allies in the armistice agreement.  In order to provide currency needed for commerce, and to pay the town's bills, many communities issued their own money.  One of the most interesting of these post World War I issues is this 1000 Mark note from the town of Bielefeld that is made from Cloth!  The front and back of the note were printed on two pieces of silk or linen, which were then stitched together to make a complete note.  The design features a series of biting satirical cartoons about the terms the allies imposed on Germany.  Included is a conductor trying to lead barnyard animals in a symphony, caricatures of Britain, France and the United States attacking Germany and men trying to extract dung from a German donkey.  Around the edge of the note is a summary of how much prices had risen.   The note measures 153mm x 81mm (6" x 3"), is printed in green or orange and is dated December 15, 1922..  It is a most unusual and memorable piece of currency.  Item PM-DE-CLOTH  GERMAN CLOTH 1000 MARK NOTE  1922 - To purchase this bill see link below:
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~ Joel Anderson, Interesting World Coins and Paper Money ~
Click Here To Enlarge Image
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This type of diversification has many positive attributes for the expatriate, and/or buyer of overseas real estate.  Besides moving us out of  the U.S. Dollar (hence protecting us from a collapsing U.S. economy) it also insulates us from potential foreign exchange control mandates that might be put in place by a panicked U.S. government trying to shore up escaping assets.  i.e. they'll want your bread, and they won't want you to leave home with the money that belongs to you.  As we've discussed elsewhere, US government employees are eventually going to start looking around for someone to blame their mistakes on.  Unlike Senor Chappurito they cannot all slip away to vacation in Zürich quite so easily. However, they are not our concern; our concern is to protect ourselves and our families from their fiscal idiocy.  Real estate is difficult, if not impossible to repatriate, (foreign governments cannot easily confiscate real estate in another country,) very much unlike money in a US bank account. [ fully unprotected by the FDIC such as it is] 

That said, it should also be said that moving ones cash to an offshore bank is always a good idea if viewed only as a form of diversification.  Having a variety of banks in a variety of nations is simply smart, especially when some nations respect privacy and the rule of law and some do not. If you live in a rouge nation such as Libya or the USA that does not respect human privacy then it becomes imperative to seek diversification, preferable to Switzerland, Panama or other country that respects privacy. Money in rogue nations like Libya, Iraq and the USA. is subject to confiscation, and if the USA is going to continue to unravel at the same velocity that it has been unraveling then it is smart to diversify in every way shape and form. 

I should also mention the haphazard structure of the U.S. bank system which may be on the verge of collapse. Smarter people then me think the same thing, so this is not something I pulled out of a hat.  The US banking system may collapse. If so, don't count on the FDIC to pick you up and dust you off. The FDIC (a U.S. government operated Panzi scheme,) operates through the modality of insuring a pool of risks for a fraction of the total amount of risk outstanding.  (Which is exactly the defining characteristic of all Panzi schemes.) This principal might work with automobile insurance where it is mathematically improbable than everyone in the United States will get in a wreck on the same day.  Insuring banks, (or pyramid investment schemes,) using this technique is the worst violation of insurance and investment principals. (It is considered a crime punishable by law if an investment firm does it, but it is kosher if the U.S. government does it.)  When the U.S. bank of cards finally collapses (not if, but when,) it is probable that the event will be a chain reaction.  Because the FDIC has only .015% of the insurance payment funds available for the total of the money that is deposited inside all U.S. banks, the possibility of anyone getting their money back is nil, or less than nil.  One and one-half of a percent of the total money owed to the American people would probably be just enough money to pay for the funeral costs of the Directors of the FDIC along with the nations major Bank Presidents, and/or preferable the members of the U.S. Congress, at least those among them that don't escape to Brazil with the money they have stashed offshore.
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It is often easier to purchase real estate offshore then to move your hard earned money into an offshore bank.  It is not illegal for American citizens to purchase foreign real estate and no government permission nor paperwork is required.  Not so with opening a foreign bank account.  The U.S. government wants to stick its nose into your foreign banking activities and does its best to do so.  Conversely, once you've purchased foreign real estate you've effectively expatriated your funds, and once it is off of the radar, well, it's off the radar. Which is to say, you've conveniently moved your money abroad into a hard asset that is difficult, if not impossible for the U.S. government to confiscate. 

Real Assets

We mentioned gold and silver and we also mentioned some other factors that should perhaps be addressed.  I am not ashamed to say that I do not consider myself qualified to discuss such things as hard assets beyond a rudimentary level.  So I will just say that I believe that sound, cogent assets with intrinsic values are to me usually, if not always, preferable to the fiat ersatz creations of government employees.  However, values are based on individual preference.  In one of China's many dynasties the populace refused to accept the paper money, preferring the tangible assets of gold.  That dynasties government employees in an act of utter desperation hit upon the brilliant idea of producing a money made from perfumed colored silk rather than paper.  Of course, it didn't work, a piece of perfumed silk is never worth more than a piece of perfumed silk.  Hitler had a better idea.  Anyone who debased, speculated in, or undersold the Nazi German Mark was shot.  What a concept!
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The Right to Privacy is not a Crime 

The issue of Exchange Controls is a simple issue with a simple solution: Avoid them.   There are many safe ways to own real estate anywhere in the world (including the United States).  We can protect ourselves by the holding title to any property via an Offshore Corporation issued within a jurisdiction that is different (safer or saner) than that of the jurisdiction where the property exists.  We can hold title in the form of stocks in a corporation.  We can hold title as a corporation.  We can hold title by registering ownership through a third entity such as a bank or foundation.  It is probably safe to say that there are more than enough possible methods to hold title that we should be able to find a method to fit just about any situation. 

Big Bother Is Watching You
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The purchasing power of a nations currency profoundly effects the actual price of that nations property.  Currency rates are cyclical and nations with high rates of inflation have weak currencies subject to periodic devaluation's - a fact which creates buying opportunities.
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The important thing is to seek methods which are legal and which fully protect our privacy. We cannot over-stress how crucial it is to protect our privacy regardless of any indoctrination to the contrary.  The right to privacy is not a crime. There is absolutely nothing for which anyone should feel guilty in seeking to keep their own affairs private. It is also our right to protect the money we've earned from those who have not earned it.   No one has a right to know our business.  We can think of no reason that anyone needs to know who the parties are that own a property, stock, or an offshore corporation.  If the property taxes are paid on that property that should be the end of it. In the same regard, no one needs to know the name of the corporation or the individuals for whom a bank is holding title as long as the bank is maintaining the property and paying the property tax.  If a corporation changes hands in a country or in a tax jurisdiction that is different from the jurisdiction in which the property exists that is the business of that jurisdiction. It simply isn't anyone else's business.  Unless we are terrorists it should never be anyone's business who we are or what we own.  Why should it be? 

If we do decide to hold ownership of real property within a country that has exchange controls it is important to understand that we may have a difficult time repatriating our funds from the sale of that property.  If we should ever decide to move to another country we will have the choice of keeping the property we've bought or selling it and reinvesting the funds inside that country. The latter is not a good option inside a country with a debased currency. However there may be instances and situations in which we may wish to hold ownership in such countries.  We cannot offer any profound advice in such matters. The best advice we can give is not to break any laws especially when there are so many legitimate methods of doing business within the law. 
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Notes ~ Notes ~ Notes ~ Notes ~ Notes ~ Notes
Note: Actually not; because the US$125,000 is no longer worth US$125,000; it has a relative value.  What has actually happened is that we have allowed ourselves to double our buying power in one instance, (the utilization of a cyclical fluctuation in the Zopoloté) and prevented ourselves from losing buying power in the second instance. (by holding an asset that was moved outside of the U.S. Dollar)   Value, in the fiscal sense of the concept of value, is relative to the existence of assets, and assets have intrinsic values. Concepts such as Deutschland Uber Alles have no relevance to fiscal values; they remain abstractions; and can only be upheld at the point of a gun.  No one has to put a gun to our heads to make us accept a gold coin.
It has also been said that some governments may promote inflation as an indirect means to promote increased dependence of its citizens on their government.
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Remount!
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