The Buying Game - Buying Real Estate In Brazil
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The Buying Game - Buying Real Estate In Brazil
By Robin Sparks 
BRAZIL is the fifth largest country in the world with 4,500 miles of coastline, the Amazon River, the Atlantic Rainforest, the Panantal Bird Reserve, the preserved mining towns of Minas Gerais, 4,000-foot mountain peaks, a European-populated southern coast, South America's largest city and its financial engine - Sao Paulo, and one of the world's most enchanting cities - Rio de Janeiro.  Add a large dash of friendly Brazilians and a cost of living that is one-fifth that of the United States and what is there not to like? If you can't find it in Brazil, you're probably not going to find it anywhere.

But can foreigners legally purchase property in Brazil? After all, some of the world's most desirable countries don't allow foreigners to purchase land or houses.

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Thailand and Bali come to mind. The answer is yes. In Brazil foreigners have the same legal footing as Brazilians when it comes to buying property.

RULES OF THE GAME

1. You need a Brazilian ID called a CPF.
2. To get a CPF you need a birth certificate translated into Portuguese by a certified.translator and legalized by the Brazilian consulate in your home country.

3. You make a trip to Banco Do Brasil with your passport and your birth certificate to formally apply for a CPF and pay a small fee.
4. The next day you go to the Receita Federal to receive your assigned CPF number.
5. Your CPF card is mailed to an address in Brazil within two months. (That's right, you need a Brazilian address.)
6. It’s best to use a trustworthy broker. Not only will the a good broker help you find a property, but he or she will make sure the price is fair, as well as make certain that the property is owned by the seller, and that there are no debts on it.
7.The contract is prepared by the selling broker and contains:
  -  All information of the seller
  -  All information of the buyer
  -  Location and specifications of the real estate
  -  The conditions of payment(s)
8. The contract is signed at the office of the broker.
9. You pay a down payment (usually about 10,000 Reais or $3,500 usd).
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10. When payment has been made,  your broker will arrange the registration of the property into your name via a cartorio (similar to a notary).
11. The cost for the property transfer is approximately 4%-5% of the purchase price.
12. Payment can be made all at once or in installments of 12, 24, 36 or 48 months, but interest rates can be as high as 35%. If you opt to pay in installments, there is also a currency risk. In other words, if the value of the Brazilian Real goes down, your real estate becomes cheaper, and vice versa.
13. There is a 1% "import" tax on transfer of funds from abroad. For alternatives, check out the websites www.lifestylesbrazil.com and http://www.escapeartist.com/OREQ9/Rio_Real_Estate.html
14. After registration, you are the legal owner.
15. There is an annual property tax of approximately 0.6% per year of the assessed value.
16. You will need to hire a caretaker to live on the property when you are not there.
17.Visas: Foreigners are allowed 3 month visas, or 180 days total per year in Brazil. If you want to apply for a permanent visa, one of the following conditions must be met: You are married to a Brazilian.
 - You have a child with a Brazilian. 
 - You invest 250.000 US dollar or Euro in Brazil.
 - You have reached the age of retirement (50 years) with a pension of at least 2,000 euro or US dollar per month.

REAL ESTATE TOUR OF BRAZIL

I traveled to Brazil last spring and summer to take a look at property. Come along for a sample of what I found.

TERESOPOLIS

About a one and one-half hour drive into the mountains west of Rio de Janeiro is the town of Teresopolis. Jim and Debbie wrote me to tell me about their $30,000 purchase of an estate consisting of four buildings, a 2 bedroom main house, a spring fed swimming pool, a vegetable garden, an enclosed tennis court, and over a dozen varieties of fruit trees. This I had to see for myself.

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For a personal account of Jim and Debbie's adventures in buying in Brazil, read their story at: http://www.escapeartist.com/OREQ5/Real_Estate_Brazil.html

Jim wasn't exaggerating. Teresopolis was idyllic and he and Debbie had purchased a gorgeous estate for the price of a tool shed back home. But after a week, I pulled out the map and began to plan my next destination. The same rarified air that makes for scenic mountain life in Teresopolis, makes it cold and damp much of the year. Jim and Debbie love it (maybe because they’re Texans?), but if I'm clear about anything, it's that I want to live in a tropical or at least temperate climate near the sea.

RIO DE JANEIRO

Although Rio is not a contender in my search for a place to live, how does one go to Brazil without at least visiting The City of God? One doesn’t.

Through camaecafe.com, I found a room for rent in a large home in the charming hilly neighborhood  called Santa Teresa.  I never did find a local willing to risk his life to take me out on the town after dark. My hosts, two guys who ran a circus, didn't go out much, saying that it was safer to entertain at home. And so I swam laps in their pool with the sounds of live Chopin being played on the piano, while simultaneously being guarded by two Rotweillers in the yard.

Nice as that was, I'd heard that there was a nightlife in Rio and being a single woman, I wanted to see it, but not particularly on my own. (I don’t suggest seeing the movie “City of God” before you visit Rio).  I asked the founder of camaecafe.com, a recent college graduate whom I will call "John”, to take me out to hear some live music. John suggested that we meet at his friend's apartment from whence we would head out later.  Nightlife begins late in Rio. But it turned out that John’s friend's apartment was really his apartment – as well as the home of his parents and two sisters. We sat on the veranda overlooking Flamengo Beach politely sipping drinks and making conversation, while his sisters and parents snuck out of their bedrooms where apparently they’d been banished for the evening, to peek at us. When 1 AM came and went, I called it a night. John agreed and accompanied me downstairs to hail a taxi. But on the way out, he showed me his bedroom where the bottom of his bunk bed doubled as a bright red fort, and the walls were covered with magic marker sayings and signatures. 

"I would be honored if you'd sign my wall," he said, handing me a marker. "Why sure,” I said stifling a laugh and adding my signature to the wall. Outside of the high-rise apartment, we flagged down a taxi, but when John said to the driver, "Take her to Santa Teresa",  the driver shook his forefinger back in forth in that Brazilian way that means No, and then he stepped on the gas and roared off. Three more taxis peeled away rather than chance driving across The City of God after midnight.  It was almost 2 AM when the fifth taxi pulled up. The driver said to get in, and then he ran every red light getting me home.

Do I want to live in a civil war zone? No.

Boris, editor of LifestylesBrazil.com is one of several who disagree with me on the merits of life in Rio de Janeiro. He has dedicated his website to assisting foreigners move to Rio. Boris says that Rio's hot neighborhoods at the moment are Ipanema, Leblon, São Conrado, Lagoa, Jardim Botanico, Gãvea, Barra, and Recreio. But he says that investors are starting to look at other up and coming areas. Flamengo, Botafogo, and Copacabana for instance. Check out www.lifestylesbrazil.com for the latest.

Anthony DaFrieda is another expatriate sold on Rio as a hot real estate market and a desireable place to live. Recently, after receiving a large inheritance, the American found escapeartist.com online and began his search in Costa Rica. He visited Brazil for the first time a year ago, and immediately knew it was what he’d been looking for. One year later, Anthony owns 16 lots and four oceanfront homes in a bedroom community 35 miles from Copacabana.  The custom 3-bedroom homes he builds feature pools and backyards on the beach – and begin at $150,000.  He and a fellow investor are also selling new townhouses beginning at $49,000, lots at $19,000, and oceanfront lots for $29,000.

BUZIOS

The former fishing village three hours north of Rio located on a fist-shaped peninsula jutting into the Atlantic, is renowned world wide as an international beach resort. Each of its 23 spectacular beaches has its own character. The city of 25,000 (mostly Argentines) swells to100,000 during high season (January through March).

There are building regulations in Buzios that limit height and land coverage so that the city should retain its charming architectural downtown. However, what I discovered in the course of six weeks in Buzios was a real estate market that is probably one of the most inflated in Brazil. In February I was shown a slice of land overlooking Ferradura Beach for $45,000. When I returned three months later, the price had doubled.  Every house I saw with an ocean view and at three bedrooms and a pool were mostly over $200,000.  I was told that a small group of foreigners showed up last year, fell in love with a house and offered the owner a million and a half euros on the spot, no questions asked. Ever since, Buzios property owners share a common dream called “Who Wants To Be A Millionaire?” Dozens and dozens of houses suddenly appeared on the market - at a price. Still, two-bedroom condos on the ocean (Geriba Beach for example) can be had for as little as $150,000.  Expensive for Brazil, inexpensive if you are European or American.

I asked Carlos, a local architect in Buzios, why prices were so high in Buzios compared to Teresopolis.  He said, "This is Buzios. A $30,000 house in Teresopolis in five years will maybe be worth $50,000. A $150,000 investment in Buzios now will appreciate to $500,000 in five years. Teresopolis is for locals. Buzios is international."

I might add, that although Carlos was probably right, Buzios is not a community. It is a tourist town.

PARATI

I took a six-hour bus ride to Parati located on the Green Coast halfway between Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo. Parati is a well-preserved Portuguese port unlike anything I've seen before or since. And the surrounding land and remote beaches are hauntingly beautiful. But it's not called the Green Coast for nothing. It rains in the rainforest.

Nonetheless, it was in Parati where I was shown my first (and only, thus far) private island for sale. Dona Maria, the owner of the pousada in which I rented a room, heard I was looking for property. "Come with me," she said on my last morning in Parati. With that we took off walking the uneven stone streets headed for the harbor. Maria stopped to talk to each and every person we saw along the way, so that the five-minute walk to the pier took thirty. When we arrived, a bathtub toy boat waited at the pier along with three of Maria’s elderly friends to shuttle us out to her private island. You'd never know that 80-year old Maria, wearer of sassy hats, lover of caipirinhas, and knower of everyone and all that takes place in Parati, owns half of the town thanks to her ancestors. Apparently Maria needed cash for a daughter's medical expenses and so she was considering selling a small chunk of her holdings. We motored past island after island until thirty minutes later, we beached on a tiny sliver of sand and waded ashore. There was a ramshackle caretaker house, an open bar, cisterns to collect water, and an old toothless man who has been the caretaker for years. Together with Maria, I scrambled over boulders, circumvented thorny bushes, and stood in the shade of palm trees to gaze out to sea. Maria pointed out the spot where I could build a house. Hard to picture as it wasn't exactly flat. But when I squinted my eyes, yes, I could see it. Me Ginger, on Gilligan's island.

How much? I asked. "$300,000. Cash," Maria said.

BAHIA, BELLY OF THE BEAST

Three months later, I returned to Brazil to add Bahia, the soul of Brazil to my search.  The city of Salvador pulsated with energy, music, dance, colors, food, art, beautiful beaches, and old architecture. I knew I'd love it, I just hadn’t known how much. 

Join me in the next issue of the Offshore Real Estate Quarterly for a tour of this most fascinating region of Northeast Brazil, and I'll show you not only a lakeside resort for sale for $200,000, but also a $35,000 oceanfront home with a view of Salvador, and much, much more.

For real estate in Brazil and in other areas of South America check out the International Real Estate Marketplace

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