| Protecting
Forests & Fauna In The Amazon By Private Ownership |
| By Edward
N. Luttwak |
| 1. Why
private ownership is essential
Several national
parks have recently been proclaimed in the Amazon basin, but none
is effectively protected. The few, poorly paid, and ill-supervised guards
themselves often facilitate illegal logging and hunting for small tips.
National parks that exist only on paper are counter-productive: before,
the land belonged to someone, forest-dwelling natives or at least colonist-squatters;
once the park is established, the land belongs to "the public", ie. no-one
in particular. Everyone goes in to take what he can, timber, jaguars for
their pelts, rare birds. |
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| Very few NGOs
even try to protect land. When they do, they fund local NGOs to act for
them. Their university-trained, English-speaking staff resides in cities,
passing small sums to local guards, who are not supervised. Effective protection
is not feasible by such means.
2. Why private
ownership is effective in Bolivia
Under Bolivian
law, foreigners can freely purchase land. With due care, valid, uncontested
legal title can be secured. Ambient conditions in our part of Amazonic
Bolivia (NE Beni) preclude successful soya cultivation, so that land prices
are low.
Amazonic Bolivia
is safe. There are no guerillas or bandits and the narcotics trade is invisible
if it exists, & certainly non-violent .Lands can be effectively
protected at low cost. Our experience with local employees is that fair
treatment and adequate supervision evoke loyalty to us and to our ecological
aims.
The younger
generation, in any case, is ecologically sensitive. |
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| 3. Why
the Bolivian Amazon can still be saved
The Beni Department
of Bolivia, with its very low population density and vast tracts of
tropical forest, is among the last refuges of wildlife of the Amazon basin;
species now rare or extinct elsewhere are still commonly encountered,
including the maned wolf (chrysocyon brachyurus), the "bush dog"
(speothos venaticus), the ocelot (felis pardalis), the more common jaguar
(panthera onca); puma (felis concolor); paraguayan fox (dusicyon gymnocercus);
kinkajou (potos flavus); tayra (eira barbara); and jaguarundi (felis yagouaroundi);
the tapir (tapirus terrestris); deer (mazama americana), owl monkey (aotus
trivirgatus), squirrel monkey (ateles geoffroyi), wooly monkey (lagothrix
lagothricha); giant anteater (myrmecophaga tridactyla); and spotted paca
(agouti paca) among other mammals. There is a similar prevalence of reptiles
and a huge variety of birds. |
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Offshore
Resources Gallery
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| Wildlife commonly
encountered includes alligators, families of capybaras, pink river dolphins
(inia geoffrensis) , parrots, and the ostrich-like Rhea.
4. Our Conservation
Ranch
We own 18,806.9
hectares (= 46,471.8 acres; 188 sq. kilometers; 72.6 sq. miles) in the
tropical lowlands of NE Bolivia in the Canton of San Joaquin, Provincia
de Mamore’, Departemento of the Beni. Our land includes both virgin forests
and open savannah that was always grassland and never de-forested. On part
of the grassland we raise cattle without using any feed, pesticides or
fertilizers.
There is no
hunting or logging. Our relations with the local population are excellent,
so that we live in a crime-free, stress-free cooperative environment. Interested
parties are invited to visit. How to get there, from USA: AA to Viru Viru
(VVI) airport of Santa Cruz de la Sierra Aerosur or Lloyd Aereo Boliviano
domestic flight to Trinidad (TDD) Air taxi (US$ 200/per flight) to
the town of San Joaquin., from which we pick up up (From the Weashington
DC area , I leave at 7:30PM and arrive on the ranch by noon the next day) |
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| To find us
on the map: (Bolivia, north-east, look for the rivers Mamore and
Machupo near the Brazil border; we are in between, in part on the shore
of the Laguna el Oceano ; or else: (Brazil, on the far west side
of the state of Rondonia;) Forte Principe da Beira, look into
Bolivia opposite for the two rivers and the Laguna el Oceano] Longitude
64 degrees 40' to 50' (our ranch consists of two separate tracts); Latitude
90.
5. Acquisition
process and costs:
Buyers will
normally require a qualitative survey, maps and photos. Bolivian
law requires GPS measurement of the boundaries from agreed posts,
a property transfer tax, legal work to assure and define title, and
official registration of title with the court in Trinidad. Owners
are legally required to fence their property and pay an annual municipal
land tax of US$0.50 per hectare. |
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Offshore
Resources Gallery
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| We could assume
responsibility for the above so long as our expenses are covered.
Some other
costs: Cabin with verandah, well, solar-panel illumination: US$ 40,00
Amazon-style ranch-house compound , main house 2000 sq feet, 3 bathrooms,
3 bedrooms, large public areas + separate cook-house + well + solar-panel
illumination: US$ 90,000 Labor costs: US$ 2400 per year will pay for a
campesino family to watch over up to 1,000 hectares of land, so long as
they are allowed to cultivate manually and keep small domestic animals
at will. We are willing to help out at no cost by suggesting a trustworthy
supervisor etc. and generally by watching over the property . Alternatively,
we could assume formal responsibility to protect the land at cost plus
fee.
To Contact
The Author Edward N. Luttwak - Bolivia: “Rancho Cotoca”, Canton de
San Joaquin, Provincia Mamore’ Departemento del Beni, Bolivia
- USA: 451O Drummond Av. Chevy Chase, MD 2O815. Tel. 001 301 656
1972 Fax 001] 301 907 8164 Email Edward at: eluttwak@hotmail.com
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